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conclusion-realtime · pachet2001-harmonization-constraints

Revision 48b69c29-fccb-4618-b020-1d3b5eac683a · 11/1/2026, 5:16:52 PM UTC
Claim ID
conclusion-realtime
Assertion
Pachet and Roy considered the technical problem of four-voice harmonization solved by constraint satisfaction using arc-consistency, but the problem of producing musically interesting results unsolved. Electronic keyboards offer basic real-time harmonization on a note-to-chord basis without taking melodic context into account, since real-time requirements rule out backtracking. Neural network approaches such as Hild et al. (1992) had been shown to yield excellent results.
Quote
The technical problem of four-voice harmonization may now be considered as solved, using constraint satisfaction techniques based on arc-consistency [...]. However, what remains unsolved is the problem of producing musically nice or interesting melodies. [...] In practice, there are a lot of synthesizers which propose basic harmonization features (such as one-touch chords on some electronic keyboards). These harmonizations are usually performed on a note-to-chord, reactive basis, i.e. without taking into account the context (preceding notes of the melody). Real time requirements forbid anyway the use of backtracking for such systems ! [...] several approaches in solving the harmonization problem using learning techniques such as neural networks have been proposed, for instance in (Hild et al., 1992), and shown to yield excellent results.
Quote language
en
Locator
section: 2–3
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