CITATION — REFERENCE ENTRY

page-turning-dtw · arzt2008-page-turning

Revision eb452aaf-c9ef-4a3b-8d4f-e547599f5fb9 · 11/1/2026, 5:16:48 PM UTC
Claim ID
page-turning-dtw
Assertion
Arzt, Widmer, and Dixon built an automatic page turner that follows a live audio performance by aligning it on-line with audio synthesized from the score, extending Dixon's on-line dynamic time warping algorithm. The system aimed to work without a training phase and to cope with expressive tempo changes, repeats being taken or skipped, and performers' errors and restarts; in live tests with a pianist it worked reliably, even with errors and restarts.
Quote
Our goal is to avoid this laborious training phase and develop a system that adapts to the musician currently playing without any training. [...] we first convert (a MIDI version of) the given score into a sound file, by using any available software synthesizer. [...] In the live tracking process, the incoming audio stream must be aligned, on-line, to the synthesized audio file. [...] The algorithm to be described here builds on a dynamic programming method first presented by S. Dixon [...]. Robustness against changes in tempo and timing [...] Robustness in the face of structural changes [...] the musician may choose to follow structural indications in the score (specifically, repeats), but may also decide to ignore repeated sections. [...] Error tolerance [...] In both tests the system worked very reliably, even in the presence of errors (and even some re-starts) by the pianist.
Quote language
en
Locator
section: 1–4
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